This paper provides guidance for midwives on issues relating to the administration of Vitamin K to the newborn. The Department of Health recommends that all newborn babies should receive an appropriate Vitamin K regimen, to be agreed with the parents’ informed consent. The RCM urges midwives to ensure that all parents are supported to reach their own informed decision on whether their infant should be given Vitamin K orally, intramuscularly, or not at all. It reminds midwives of their need to comply with legal requirements in the administration of Vitamin K, and calls for further research into the efficacy and safety of routine prophylactic administration of Vitamin K.